を作って渡せばOKです。, Blobの形状(次元数等)については cv::dnn::BlobShape 構造体で管理していて、cv::dnn::Blob#shape メソッドで取得できます。operator<< をオーバーロードしているのでストリームにそのまま渡すこともできるので便利です。, ちなみにCaffeのC++インタフェースでも MemoryDataLayer の入力として std::vector を渡すことができます。, その際、prototxtファイルのdataレイヤーも MemoryDataLayer に変更しておきます。, caffe::Layer#AddMatVector メソッドに std::vector を入力データとして渡します。第二引数には学習時にラベルデータを渡す仕様になっていますが、予測時には適当なデータを入れておけばOK(ただし nullptr は渡せません)。CaffeのC++インタフェースはBoostをよく使っていることもあり、ついtypedefしたくなるほど読みにくくなることがあるんですよね。, 話が逸れましたが、OpenCVの使い方に戻ります。複数の画像を入力とした場合のSoftmax(prob)層のBlobは [入力データ数、クラス数] の大きさの二次元データになり、クラス毎の確率(信頼度)が格納されています。確率上位5位までの予測結果を出力する場合も上述のサンプルコードと同様に書くことができます。現在の実装だとCaffeのArgmaxレイヤーが読み込めないみたいなのでソートする処理も別途書く必要がありました。, Softmax(prob)層の出力から確率を得るのではなく、中間層の出力を特徴量として抽出したい場合も簡単です。読み込んだモデルのレイヤー定義(レイヤーの名前)を事前に控えておいてください。わかりやすいようにここではCaffeのリファレンスモデル(CaffeNet)を使います。prototxtファイルは以下にあります。, cv::dnn::Net#getBlob メソッドに該当レイヤーの名前を指定してBlobとして取るだけです。注意すべきは、getBlobメソッドはBlobの一時オブジェクトを返すので、大量の画像をバッチ入力した場合はコピーコストが相当大きくなってしまいます。Caffeの caffe::Net#blob_by_name メソッドのようにスマートポインタで包んだBlobを返してくれると助かるのですが。, Caffe C++インタフェースで特徴抽出する場合は以下のように書きます。前述の通りまずは MemoryDataLayer に画像を入力しておきます。, floatのポインタで取れるので、後は取り回ししやすいオブジェクトにデータを詰め替えて利用することになるでしょう。CaffeのAPIは戻り値がスマートポインタだったり生ポインタだったり統一されていないので注意が必要です。, cv::dnnモジュールで抽出した特徴量を使ってSVM(cv::ml::SVM)やロジスティック回帰(cv::ml::LogisticRegression)のモデルを学習するサンプルコードをGitHubに上げてありますので参考までに。SVMの学習する部分だけここでも紹介しておきます。, OpenCVのSVM実装は昔と比べると使いやすくなっていて、特に cv::ml::SVM#trainAuto メソッドが便利で、内部でグリッドサーチと交差検証までしてくれます。なにより他のライブラリを併用せずに済むのがプログラマにとっては一番のメリットかもしれません。, Torchモデルの読み込み機能も実装に含まれていましたが、まだ対応しているレイヤーの種類が不十分で未実装な処理も多いので使うのは難しそうです。簡単な構造のネットワークなら一応読み込めました。読み込み処理のコードはCaffeのモデル読み込みとほとんど同じです。, cv::dnn::createCaffeImporter から cv::dnn::createTorchImporter に変更するだけです。nn.View は nn.Reshape で代替できますが、nn.LogSoftMax が対応していないと使うのは難しいです。. OpenCV Tutorial: A Guide to Learn OpenCV This OpenCV tutorial is for beginners just getting started learning the basics. A network training is in principle not supported. Explain how to install and configure the latest version of OpenCV with Microsoft Visual Studio 2015. Kerasã§ç°¡åã«MNISTæ°åèå¥ã¢ãã«ãä½ããPythonã§ç¢ºèª 2. Why not register and get more from Qiita? OpenCVはマルチプラットフォーム対応ライブラリなので、他のフレームワークで作ったモデルをAndroidやiOS等のデバイス上で読み込んで利用できるようにすると便利そうです。, 画像認識関連の検証で便利なデータセットを読み込むためのモジュールも opencv_contrib レポジトリで提供されています。せっかくなのでこのモジュールの紹介もしておきます。, 現在の実装で画像分類用途に使えるものは ImageNet/MNIST/PASCAL VOC/SUN の4つのデータセットが用意されています。CIFAR-10あたりも欲しいですね。, MNISTデータセットの読み込み処理の実装ですが、レガシーなC言語での実装になっていてファイルポインタのNULLチェックすらされていないので、もしファイルが存在しない場合は例外やアサートもなく即座にSEGVします、注意。, 画像処理領域に限らないですけど、データセットは提供方法やフォーマットが統一されているわけではありませんから、データ入出力の処理を書くのは地味に面倒なんですよね。こちらの使い方のサンプルコードもGitHubに上げてあります。, CaffeやTorch単体ではアプリケーション開発は困難ですが、DeepLearningの機能をOpenCVの文脈に持ってくることができれば、テストの書きやすい綺麗なアプリケーションコードが作成しやすくなるかと思います。また、数あるコンピュータビジョンライブラリの中でもOpenCVのコミュニティは特に大きく、サンプルやチュートリアル等の手厚いサポートも期待できるという安心感があるので、今現在の実装に不備が多かったとしてもマルチプラットフォーム対応等も含めて徐々に整備されていくのでしょう。また、opencv_contrib レポジトリ内には他にも魅力的な機能満載のモジュールがたくさんあるので興味があれば試してみることをオススメします。, 今年もたくさんのAdvent Calendarが作られてますね。参加者が少なくて閑散としていたり、管理者ががんばって空枠を埋めている風景を見ながらお酒を飲むのが好きです。また来年ですね。, "bvlc_reference_caffenet/deploy.prototxt", "bvlc_reference_caffenet/bvlc_reference_caffenet.caffemodel", // Caffeで扱うBlob形式に変換 (実体はcv::Matのラッパークラス), // ImageNet 1000クラス毎の確率(32bits浮動小数点値)が格納された1x1000の行列(ベクトル), // Caffeでは MemoryDataLayer を作って複数の画像データを入力する, // caffe::Net#layersメソッドでネットワーク全体を各レイヤーオブジェクトのリストとして取得, // cv::dnn::Net#forward メソッドでフォワードパス(順伝播)の計算, // caffe::Net#ForwardPrefilled メソッドでフォワードパス(順伝播)の計算, // feature(cv::Mat): 特徴量, trainLabel(cv::Mat): 正解ラベル, // クラス名には OR_ (Object Recognition)のプレフィックスが付く, PASCAL VOCなら OR_pascal, TypeScript入門 – 機械学習の実装 1 Denoising Autoencoder, Ideas Page for OpenCV Google Summer of Code 2015 (GSoC 2015), YAMAHA RTX830でIPv6 IPoE + IPv4 over IPv6(MAP-E)接続, Cloudflare Workersでサーバレス開発 part3 Workers KVを無料で使う, Cloudflare Workersでサーバレス開発 part2 GitHub ActionsによるCI/CD, OpenCV 3.0.0 (+ opencv_contrib master branch). 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